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- ******************************
- * Aconitase family signature *
- ******************************
-
- Aconitase (aconitate hydratase) (EC 4.2.1.3) [1,2] is the enzyme from the
- tricarboxylic acid cycle that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of
- citrate and isocitrate. Cis-aconitate is formed as an intermediary product
- during the course of the reaction. In eukaryotes two isozymes of aconitase are
- known to exist: one found in the mitochondrial matrix and the other found in
- the cytoplasm. Aconitase, in its active form, contains a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur
- cluster; three cysteine residues have been shown to be ligands of the 4Fe-4S
- cluster.
-
- It has been shown [3] that two proteins are highly related to aconitase, these
- proteins are:
-
- - 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.33) (isopropylmalate isomerase),
- the enzyme that catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of leucine.
- - Iron-responsive element binding protein (IRE-BP). IRE-BP is a cytosolic
- protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IREs). IREs are stem-loop
- structures found in the 5'UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid
- synthase mRNAs, and in the 3'UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. IRE-BP has
- been recently shown [4] to express aconitase activity.
-
- As a signature for proteins from the aconitase family we have selected a
- conserved region that contains the first cysteine ligand of the 4Fe4S cluster.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVM]-x(4)-[LIVM]-[GST]-x-C-T-N-[GSTA]
- [C binds the iron-sulfur center]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: Bacillus caldolyticus glucose-1-
- phosphate adenylyltransferase.
- -Last update: October 1993 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Robbins A.H., Stout C.D.
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:3639-3643(1989).
- [ 2] Zheng L., Andrews P.C., Hermodson M.A., Dixon J.E., Zalkin H.
- J. Biol. Chem. 265:2814-2821(1990).
- [ 3] Hentze M.W., Argos P.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 19:1739-1740(1991).
- [ 4] Kaptain S., Downey W.E., Tang C.K., Philpott C., Haile D.J., Orloff D.G.,
- Harford J.B., Rouault T.A., Klausner R.D.
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:10109-10113(1991).
-